01 - Whisk together flour, baking soda, baking powder, ginger, cinnamon, cloves, nutmeg, and salt in a medium bowl. Set aside for later use.
02 - Beat softened butter and brown sugar on medium speed until light and creamy, approximately 2 minutes.
03 - Add egg, molasses, and vanilla extract to the butter mixture. Mix until thoroughly combined and smooth.
04 - Gradually blend dry ingredients into wet mixture on low speed until a thick, uniform dough forms.
05 - Divide dough into two equal portions, flatten into disks, wrap in plastic, and refrigerate for minimum 1 hour or overnight.
06 - Preheat oven to 350°F and line baking sheets with parchment paper.
07 - On lightly floured surface, roll chilled dough to 1/4 inch thickness. Cut shapes and place 1 inch apart on prepared pans.
08 - Bake for 8–10 minutes until edges begin turning golden. Cool on pan for 2 minutes, then transfer to wire rack.
09 - Stir powdered sugar with 2–3 tbsp milk or water until smooth but not runny. Adjust liquid to achieve desired consistency.
10 - Once completely cooled, decorate with icing and sprinkles. Allow icing to set completely before serving or storing.